Syria is a country in the Middle East, incorporating the northern Levant.

Syria may also refer to:

Syria (region) refers to a wider historical geographic region. In this sense it can refer to:

• Arab Kingdom of Syria, a short-lived Hashemite kingdom in 1920, installed after World War I and abolished by the French
• French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, incorporating the:
  • State of Syria (1924–30), Mandatory proto-state, a progenitor of Mandatory Syrian Republic
• First Syrian Republic, the government of Syria from 1930 to 1950
• Second Syrian Republic, the government of Syria from 1950 to 1963
• Ba'athist Syria, the government of Syria from 1963 to 2024
• Syria, a modern day UN member country
  • Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, a self-proclaimed autonomous region in Northern Syria
• Tahrir al-Sham Emirate
• Turkish occupation of northern Syria
• Territory of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria

• Syro-Hittite states, during the Early Iron Age
• Coele-Syria, a province of the Seleucid Empire and the coastal Levantine province of the Roman Empire split from Syria Palaestina in the late 2nd century CE
• Roman Syria, a Roman province between 64 BCE and 135 CE
• Syria Palaestina, a Roman province between 135 CE and 390 CE
• Byzantine Syria, a sub-region within Byzantine Diocese of the East
  • Syria Prima, a province of the Byzantine Empire, transformed from former Roman Syria
  • Syria-Coele (Roman province), a province of the Byzantine Empire, transformed from former Roman Syria
• Bilad al-Sham, a province of the early Caliphates, corresponding to former Byzantine Syria
• Ottoman Syria, a geopolitical region of Levantine provinces of the Ottoman Empire
  • Damascus Eyalet until 19th century
  • Syria Vilayet after the Tanzimat reforms in 19th century

• Little Syria, Manhattan, a neighborhood that existed in New York City, United States of America
• Șiria, a commune in Arad County, Romania
• Syria, Indiana, an unincorporated community in the United States
• Syria, Virginia, a town in the United States
• Syria Planum, a plateau in the Tharsis region of Mars

• Syria (journal), an academic journal covering Semitic Middle East history
• Siria, a music duo
• Syria TV, national television channel of Syria

• Syria (ship), sailing ship launched in 1868
• Syria (singer), the pseudonym of Cecilia Cipressi, an Italian singer-songwriter
• Greater Syria, either an Arab nationalistic term to define large parts of the Middle East or another name for the Syrian region

• Name of Syria
• Syriac (disambiguation)
• Syriac language
• Syrian (disambiguation)
• Shaam (disambiguation)
• Sham (disambiguation)