Robert Cecil may refer to:

• Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury (1563–1612), English administrator and politician, MP for Westminster, and for Hertfordshire
• Robert Cecil (1670–1716), Member of Parliament for Castle Rising, and for Wootton Basset
• Robert Cecil (MP for Old Sarum) (died 1657), English politician
• Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood (1864–1958) British lawyer, politician and diplomat
• Robert Cecil (British diplomat) (1913–1994), British diplomat and writer
• Robert Gascoyne-Cecil (disambiguation), several people

• Cecil Roberts (disambiguation)