This is a list of former railway operating companies operating in Australia. For former Government authorities, see List of former government railway authorities of Australia.

• Australian Railroad Group
• Freight Australia
• QR National

• CityRail
• State Rail Authority
• CountryLink
• Sydney Railway Company
• Rosehill Railway Company
• Silverton Tramway Company
• South Maitland Railway
• National Rail Corporation
• Brown's Richmond Vale Railway

• Aramac Tramway – 1913–1975, run by shire council

• South Australian Railways

• Emu Bay Railway
• Launceston and Western Railway
• Mount Lyell Mining and Railway Company
• North Mount Lyell Railway
• Tasmanian Main Line Company

• Connex Melbourne (Hillside Trains)
• M>Train (Bayside Trains)
• V/Line Freight
• Freight Victoria
• Geelong and Melbourne Railway Company
• Great Northern Rail Services
• Kerang-Koondrook Tramway
• Melbourne and Hobson's Bay Railway Company
• Melbourne and Suburban Railway Company
• Melbourne, Mount Alexander and Murray River Railway Company
• Powelltown Tramway
• St Kilda and Brighton Railway Company
• West Coast Railway

• Great Southern Railway
• Midland Railway of Western Australia

• History of rail transport in Australia
• Rail transport in Australia