List of floods in Europe
This is a list of notable recorded floods that have occurred in Europe.
| Year | Details | Countries | Fatalities | Causes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 120 BCE | Cymbrian flood | Denmark, Norway | probably many thousands | Storm tide |
| 589 | Breach at Cucca | Italy | ||
| 1170 | All Saints' Flood (1170) | Netherlands | probably many thousands | Storm surge |
| 1287 | South England flood of February 1287 | England | probably many thousands | Storm surge |
| 1287 | St. Lucia's flood | Netherlands, Northern Germany, England | 50,000-80,000 | Storm surge |
| 1304 | All Saints' Flood (1304) | Germany | 271 | Storm surge |
| 1342 | St. Mary Magdalene's flood | Germany, Austria, Italy | 6,000 | heavy rain |
| 1362 | (1st) Grote Mandrenke | England, the Netherlands, northern Germany, and Schleswig | >25,000 | Storm surge |
| 1404 | St. Elizabeth's flood (1404) | Netherlands | Storm surge | |
| 1421 | St. Elizabeth's flood (1421) | Netherlands | 2,000-10,000 | Storm surge |
| 1436 | All Saints Day Flood of 1436 | Germany | >180 | Storm surge |
| 1530 | St. Felix's Flood | Netherlands | many thousands | Storm surge |
| 1570 | All Saints' Flood (1570) | Netherlands | >20,000 | Storm surge |
| 1609 | Bristol Channel floods, 1607 | England | 3,000 | disputed - possible tsunami |
| 1634 | Burchardi Flood | Germany | 8,000-15,000 | Storm surge |
| 1651 | St. Peter's Flood | Netherlands, Northern Germany | 15,000 | Storm surge |
| 1703 | Great Storm of 1703 | United Kingdom, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany | 8,000-15,000 | Storm surge |
| 1717 | Christmas flood of 1717 | Netherlands, Germany, Denmark, Norway | 14,000 | Storm surge |
| 1738 | Holmfirth Floods (1738) | England | 0 | Heavy rain |
| 1777 | Holmfirth Floods (1777) | England | 3 | Heavy rain |
| 1789 | Storofsen[1] | Norway, Denmark | 63 | heavy rains and snowmelting |
| 1821 | Holmfirth Floods (1821) | England | 0 | Heavy rain |
| 1824 | Saint Petersburg (1824) | Russia | 10,000 | Flood |
| 1825 | February flood of 1825 | Germany, Netherlands | 800 | Storm surge |
| 1829 | Muckle Spate (1829) | Scotland | Heavy rain | |
| 1852 | Holmfirth Floods#1852 | England | 81 | Heavy rain |
| 1859 | Grenoble flood 1859 | France | Rain + meltwater | |
| 1864 | Great Sheffield Flood | United Kingdom | 270 | failure of the Dale Dike Reservoir |
| 1865 | 1865 flooding of Bucharest | Romania | Unknown | Heavy rain |
| 1872 | 1872 Baltic Sea flood | Denmark, Germany, Norway | 271 | Storm surge |
| 1878 | Flood in Miskolc, 1878 | Hungary | 400 | Heavy rain |
| 1879 | Segura flood | Spain | ? | ? |
| 1892 | Mont Blanc glacier flood | France | 175 | subterranean glacial lake burst |
| 1910 | 1910 Great Flood of Paris | France | 0 | heavy rain and meltwater |
| 1910 | 1910 European Floods | Austria, Belgium, Germany, Hungary, Serbia, Switzerland | 1,200 | Heavy rain |
| 1928 | 1928 Thames flood | England | 14 | meltwater + heavy rain + storm surge |
| 1934 | 1934 flood in Poland | Poland | 55 | heavy rain |
| 1944 | Holmfirth Floods#1944 | England | 3 | Heavy rain |
| 1947 | 1947 Thames flood | England, Spain, Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia[2] | meltwater + heavy rain | |
| 1952 | Lynmouth Flood | United Kingdom | 34 | heavy rain |
| 1953 | North Sea Flood of 1953 | Netherlands, United Kingdom | 2,551 | Storm surge |
| 1957 | 1957 Valencia flood | Spain | 81 | heavy rains and Turia flood |
| 1959 | Malpasset Dam | France | 423 | Dam failure |
| 1962 | North Sea flood of 1962 | Netherlands, United Kingdom and Germany | 318 | Storm surge |
| 1962 | 1962 Vallés floods | Spain | 700 | Heavy rain |
| 1963 | Vajont disaster | Italy | 1,917 | a landslide caused a seiche wave and a megatsunami |
| 1963 | Guadalquivir flood in Cordoba and Sevilla | Spain | ? | |
| 1964 | 1964 Zagreb flood | Yugoslavia | 17 | Heavy rain |
| 1965 | Danube floods in 1965 | Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia | 10 | heavy rains, Alps snowmelting and dike failure at Číčov |
| 1966 | 1966 Flood of the Arno River | Italy | 35 | heavy rains and snowmelting |
| 1967 | 1967 Portugal floods | Portugal | The official death toll was 495 deaths. Unofficial estimates are of at least 700 deaths. | heavy rains |
| 1968 | Great Flood of 1968 | United Kingdom, France | 0 | heavy rains and thunderstorms |
| 1970 | 1970 floods in Romania | Romania | 209 | heavy rains and snowmelting |
| 1976 | Gale of January 1976 | Ireland, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway, Germany | 82 | Storm surge |
| 1978 | 1978 North Sea storm surge | England | 1 | Storm surge |
| 1981 | December 1981 windstorm | England, Wales, France | Storm surge + meltwater | |
| 1985 | Val di Stava dam collapse | Italy | 268 | the reservoir breached its dam. |
| 1987 | Valtellina disaster | Italy | 53 | heavy rain |
| 1994 | Piedmont flood | Italy | 77 | heavy rain for three days lead to extreme discharge of tributaries of Po river |
| 1997 | 1997 Central European flood | Czech Republic, Poland | 114 | extensive rain periods |
| 1998 | Jarovnice flood | Slovakia | 63 | heavy rainfall plus collapse of dam formed by debris |
| 1999 | 1999 Pentecost flood | Austria, Germany | heavy rainfall plus Alpine meltwater | |
| 1999 | 1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood | France | 0 | Storm tide |
| 2000 | Autumn 2000 western Europe floods | United Kingdom, Italy, France, Switzerland, Spain, Netherlands, Ireland, Denmark, Norway, Slovenia | 20 | heavy rains |
| 2002 | 2002 European floods | Czech Republic, Austria, Germany, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Croatia | 232 | heavy rains |
| 2002 | 2002 Glasgow floods | United Kingdom | 0 | heavy rains |
| 2004 | Boscastle flood of 2004 | United Kingdom | 0 | heavy rains |
| 2005 | 2005 European floods | Romania, Switzerland, Austria and Germany | Record rain | |
| 2006 | 2006 European floods | Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, Macedonia, Germany, Czech Republic, Hungary | 0 | poorly constructed dikes and levees and an unusual long and hard winter |
| 2007 | North Sea flood of 2007 | Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, Norway and United Kingdom | 0 | storm tide |
| 2007 | 2007 United Kingdom floods | United Kingdom | 13 | heavy rain |
| 2008 | 2008 Irish flash floods | Ireland | 1 | Heavy rain |
| 2008 | 2008 Morpeth floods | United Kingdom | 0 | heavy rain |
| 2009 | 2009 Great Britain and Ireland floods | United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland | 4 | heavy rains |
| 2009 | 2009 European floods | Austria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Turkey | 33 | heavy rains |
| 2009 | 2009 Workington floods | United Kingdom | 1 | heavy rain |
| 2009 | 2009 Messina floods and mudslides | Italy | 31 | Heavy rain |
| 2009 | 2009 Turkish flash floods | Turkey | 31 | Heavy rain |
| 2010 | 2010 Central European floods | Poland, Hungary | 37 | Heavy rain |
| 2010 | 2010 Slovenia floods | Slovenia | 3 | Heavy rain |
| 2010 | 2010 Var floods | France | 25 | Heavy rain |
| 2010 | 2010 Albania floods | Albania | 0 | Heavy rain |
| 2011 | 2011 European floods | Ireland, Italy, France | 17 | Heavy rain |
| 2011 | Cyclone Berit | England | 4 | Storm surge |
| 2012 | 2012 Russian floods | Russia | 171 | Heavy rain |
| 2012 | 2012 Great Britain and Ireland floods | United Kingdom, Ireland | 9 | Heavy rain |
| 2012 | 2012 Romanian floods | Romania | 5 | Heavy rain |
| 2013 | 2013 European floods | Germany, Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, Slovakia, Belarus, Poland, Hungary | 25 | Heavy rain |
| 2013 | 2013 floods in Rhodes, Greece | Greece | 3 | Heavy rain |
| 2014 | 2014 Southeast Europe floods | Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, Romania | 86 | Heavy rain |
| 2014 | 2014 Bulgarian floods | Bulgaria | 16 | Heavy rain |
| 2016 | 2016 European floods | Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Moldova, Romania | 21 | Heavy rain |
| 2016 | 2016 Macedonian floods | Republic of Macedonia | 21 | Heavy rain |
| 2016 | 2016 Italian flood | Northwestern Italy | 1 | Heavy rain |
| 2017 | 2017 West Attica floods | Greece | 24 | Heavy rain |
| 2018 | 2018 European floods | Spain, France, Italy | 69 | Heavy rain |
| 2019 | 2019 Yorkshire Dales flooding | United Kingdom | 0 | Heavy rain |
| 2019 | 2019–2020 United Kingdom floods | United Kingdom | 11 | Heavy rain |
| 2020 | 2020 floods in Evia, Greece | Greece | 8 | Heavy rain |
| 2020 | Storm Gloria | Spain, France | 14 | Heavy rain, storm surge |
| 2020 | Storm Dennis | United Kingdom | 7 | Heavy rain |
| 2020 | 2020 Western Ukraine floods | Ukraine | 4 | Heavy rain |
| 2021 | 2021 Evros floods | Greece, Turkey | 1 | Heavy rain |
| 2021 | 2021 European floods | Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Croatia, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Romania, Switzerland, United Kingdom | 243 | Heavy rain |
| 2021 | 2021 Turkish floods | Turkey | 97 | Heavy rain |
| 2021 | 2021 floods in Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 0 | Heavy rain |
| 2023 | 2023 Emilia-Romagna floods | Emilia-Romagna, Italy | 17 | Heavy rains caused by Storm Minerva |
| 2023 | 2023 Carinthia and Slovenia floods | Slovenia | 7 | Heavy rains |
| 2023 | 2023 Danube floods | Hungary | 12 | Heavy rains |
| 2024 | 2024 Germany floods | Germany | 9 | Heavy rains |
| 2024 | 2024 Central European floods | Czech Republic, Poland, Austria, Slovakia, Germany, Hungary and Romania | 27 | Heavy rains |
| 2024 | 2024 floods in Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 27 | Heavy rain |
| 2024 | 2024 floods in Spain | Spain | 227 | Heavy rain |
See also
- Drought
- Floods Directive
- List of floods
- 2021 European floods
- List of flash floods
- Storm tides of the North Sea
References
- ^ Magnus A. Mardal: Storofsen (in Norwegian) Store norske leksikon, retrieved 2 June 2013.
- ^ 1947 U.K. River Floods: 60-Year Retrospective, RMS Special Report, Risk Management Solutions, 2007.