Jean Baptiste Mathey (c. 1630 – c. 1695) was a French architect and painter born in Dijon.^[1]

Between 1675 and 1694, Mathey worked in Prague.^[1] He enjoyed a remarkable career in which his French planning and devotion to classical rationality (as opposed to the luxuriance of Italian Baroque) were a conscious artistic challenge to established taste. Mathey was commissioned by the Archbishop of Prague, Johann Friedrich, to construct the Chateau Troja, which he worked on from 1676 to 1694.^[1] In 1679, he also helped design the Kreuzherrenkirche.^[2] He received Prague citizenship in 1684 but never joined a guild.^[2]

His plans were also probably used for the construction of the Church of Saint Roch in the Prague then-suburb of Žižkov.^{[citation needed]}

Count of Waldstein, later the Archbishop of Prague, was apprised with Mathey and brought him to Duchcov for the purpose of rebuilding the Castle of Dux.^{[citation needed]}