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Grafton Notch State Park

Grafton Notch State Park
Screw Augur Falls
Map showing the location of Grafton Notch State Park
Map showing the location of Grafton Notch State Park
Location in Maine
LocationGrafton Township, Oxford County, Maine, United States
Coordinates44°35′36″N 70°56′52″W / 44.59333°N 70.94778°W / 44.59333; -70.94778[1]
Area3,129 acres (12.66 km2)[2]
Elevation1,601 ft (488 m)[1]
Established1963
AdministratorMaine Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry
WebsiteGrafton Notch State Park

Grafton Notch State Park is a public recreation area in Grafton Township, Oxford County, Maine.[3] The state park occupies 3,129 acres (1,266 ha) surrounding Grafton Notch, the mountain pass between Old Speck Mountain and Baldpate Mountain,[4] mountains in the Mahoosuc Range. The park is abutted by the eastern and western sections of the Mahoosuc Public Reserved Land, which total 31,807 acres (12,872 ha).[2] The park is managed by the Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry.

History

In 1963, the state made its first acquisitions of the land for the park with the purchase of 2,875 acres (1,163 ha) from Brown Company. The addition of 18 more parcels, many less than 5 acres, took place in the 1960s, mostly in 1964. The park boundaries were fixed with the addition of two one-acre parcels in 1977.[5]

Wildlife

Songbirds, migratory birds and occasionally raptors (specifically eagles, falcons, and hawks) are spotted in this park by birdwatchers. Mammalian species such as black bear, moose, fox, bobcat, coyote, fisher, and white-tailed deer roam on the hiking trails.

Geology

Grafton Notch reflects the glaciation processes carved by the Laurentide Ice sheet during the Wisconsin Glaciation episode. Notable geomorphology of the park includes U-shaped valleys, gorges, and esker.[6] Erosional processes expose the unique bedrock composed of Devonian granite with pegmatite intrusions.[6] Poorly sorted diamicton and stratified gravel pits indicate glacial and glacio-fluvial depositional processes at work. Additionally, these processes scattered erratics over the u-shaped valley floor.[6]

Noteworthy gorges in Grafton Notch include Screw Auger Falls, Mother Walker Falls and Moose Cave. Screw Auger Falls is located within a steep gorge along the Bear River; when water levels are low enough, erratics are visible in the stream.[6] Steep cliff faces and flat valley floor seen from Mother Walker Falls are characteristic of glacial erosion. However, responsibility for gorge formation is debated; "they may have formed while the ice sheet retreated north of the region and contributed a large quantity of meltwater, or more likely, they formed while the ice sheet covered the area and the subglacial water was under very high pressure".[6] Whether a particular landform was created by local glacier or continental ice sheet is also still debated. Many pegmatite vein intrusions are visible around the water-eroded bedrock of the gorges. 

Activities and amenities

The park's mountain scenery includes the Screw Auger and Mother Walker waterfalls and Moose Cave.[7] Recreational opportunities include fishing, hunting, and picnicking. Hiking trails include a rugged 12-mile (19 km) stretch of the Appalachian Trail.[3] The ice climbing in the area is extensive and offers a variety of climbing for the beginner as well as the advanced.

References

  1. ^ a b "Grafton Notch". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
  2. ^ a b "State Parks, State Historic Sites and Public Reserved Lands" (PDF). Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry. September 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  3. ^ a b "Grafton Notch State Park". Department of Agriculture, Conservation and Forestry. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  4. ^ "Grafton Township". Maine: An Encyclopedia. Publius Research. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  5. ^ "Western Mountains Region Management Plan" (PDF). Maine Department of Conservation: Bureau of Parks and Lands. January 4, 2011. p. 23. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
  6. ^ a b c d e Doughty, Alice M.; Thompson, Woodrow B. (2017). Johnson, Beverly; Eusden, J. Dykstra (eds.). Guidebook for Field Trips in Western Maine and Northern New Hampshire. New England Intercollegiate Geological Conference, 109th Annual Meeting. Bethel, Maine: Bates College. pp. 95–104. doi:10.26780/2017.001.0001.
  7. ^ Thompson, Woodrow B. (November 2001). "Glacial and Postglacial Geology of Grafton Notch State Park". Maine Geologic Facts and Localities. Maine Geological Survey. Retrieved July 26, 2017.
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafton_Notch_State_Park