English: Bottom left: green arrows show the present time obligate paedogenetic life cycle, where viviparous 1st instar female larvae or triungulins are the legged, migratory stage. Bottom right: yellow arrows indicate rare, relic development of a male larva, where the oviparous 1st instar male larva is legless. The male larva is under present conditions a developmental dead end. Top: red arrows show the rare development of adults induced through exposure to extreme heat. Adults are no longer reproductively functional; they were part of the ancestral cycle of sexual and asexual reproduction.