Eichelberger (German: from the acorn mountain) is the surname of:

• Alyce Eichelberger or Alyce Cleese (born 1944), American psychotherapist and author
• Charles B. Eichelberger (1934–2021), US Army general
• Dave Eichelberger (born 1943), American golfer
• Ethyl Eichelberger (1945–1990), American actor
• John Eichelberger (born 1958), American politician
• Juan Eichelberger (born 1953), American baseball player
• Robert L. Eichelberger (1886–1961), US Army general of World War II

• Eichelberger's Covered Bridge (disambiguation)