List of de Havilland aircraft
This is a list of aircraft produced or proposed by Geoffrey de Havilland or designed at the de Havilland Aircraft Company from its founding in 1920 until its purchase by (and integration into) the Hawker Siddeley Group in 1959.
The aircraft are ordered by de Havilland model number; the numbers started with de Havilland's employment at the Airco company as chief designer. Although Airco built the planes, their design was owned[citation needed] by de Havilland and when de Havilland started his own company, he continued the numbering. The numbering sequence continued for later designs of de Havilland's aircraft company, even if they were designed by a factory team with little input from de Havilland himself. The DH.89, for example, was the 89th de Havilland design.
The designs DH.121 and DH.125 which were under development when de Havilland lost its separate identity under Hawker Siddeley, retained their numbering and were produced as the Hawker Siddeley HS-121 Trident and the Hawker Siddeley HS.125.
The list does not include aircraft designed by de Havilland Canada or de Havilland Australia, founded as de Havilland subsidiaries.
Designs prior to company foundation
These are designs by Geoffrey de Havilland while working for himself or for other manufacturers.
| Design number |
Aircraft | First flight | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Biplane No. 1 | December 1909 | Single-seat biplane | |
| Biplane No. 2 | 25 September 1910 | Single-seat pusher configuration biplane – became the F.E.1 when de Havilland joined the staff at the Royal Aircraft Factory | |
| DH.1 | Airco DH.1 | January 1915 | Two-seat fighter/general purpose biplane |
| DH.2 | Airco DH.2 | 1 June 1915 | Single-seat pusher biplane fighter |
| DH.3 | Airco DH.3 | Twin-engine long-range day bomber | |
| DH.4 | Airco DH.4 | August 1916 | Two-seat biplane day bomber |
| DH.5 | Airco DH.5 | October 1916 | Single-seat biplane fighter |
| DH.6 | Airco DH.6 | 1916 | Biplane trainer |
| DH.7 | Not built | Single-seat tractor fighter project with a Rolls-Royce Falcon engine, not built due to non-availability of engine[1] | |
| DH.8 | Not built | Pusher fighter projected to be fitted with a Coventry Ordnance Works gun, not built due to delays in gun development and non-availability of specified engine[1] | |
| DH.9 | Airco DH.9 | July 1917 | Two-seat day bomber biplane |
| DH.10 | Airco DH.10 Amiens | 4 March 1918 | Twin-engine heavy bomber biplane developed from the DH.3 |
| DH.11 | Airco DH.11 Oxford | 1919 | Twin-engined day bomber |
| DH.12 | DH.12 | Not built | Improved DH.11 powered by Dragonfly engines and modified gunner's position – unbuilt[1] |
| DH.13 | Not used, probably due to superstition[1] | ||
| DH.14 | (Airco) Okapi | 1919 | Two-seat day bomber to replace DH.4 and DH.9 |
| DH.15 | Airco Gazelle | 1919 | Experimental aircraft similar to DH.9 |
| DH.16 | Airco DH.16 | 1919 | Redesigned DH.9 with four-seat enclosed cockpit for use as a commercial biplane |
| DH.17 | Not built | 16 seat biplane airliner powered by two Rolls-Royce Condor engines, featuring an enclosed cabin and semi-retractable landing gear. Not built for a lack of orders due to post-WWI slump.[1] | |
| DH.18 | (Airco) DH.18 | 1920 | 8 seat, single-engine commercial aircraft |
| DH.19 | Not built | Rolls-Royce Falcon powered two-seat cabin biplane[1] | |
| DH.20 | Not built | ABC Wasp powered single-seat sports biplane[1] | |
| DH.21 | Not built | Large civil transport design study with two engines driving one propeller[1] |
de Havilland Aircraft Company designs
| Design number |
Aircraft | First flight | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| DH.22 | Not built | Single-engine pusher biplane with conventional rear fuselage instead of outriggers and engine mounted on upper mainplane[1] | |
| DH.23 | Not built | Single-engine, four-seat biplane flying boat powered by a Napier Lion engine. Although registered G-EARN on 9 March 1920, the aircraft was not built.[1] | |
| DH.24 | Not built | Larger variant of the DH.18 with a Napier Lion engine. Design not proceeded with.[1] | |
| DH.25 | Not built | Large 10-seat civil transport powered by three Liberty engines driving a single propeller.[1] | |
| DH.26 | Not built | Single-engine transport monoplane. Design dropped in favor of the larger DH.29.[1] | |
| DH.27 | Derby | 13 October 1922 | Heavy biplane day bomber for Specification 2/20 |
| DH.28 | Not built | Single-engine troop transport biplane for Air Ministry Type 12 Specification with two crew in open cockpits.[1] A similar layout was used on the later DH.54. | |
| DH.29 | Doncaster | 5 July 1921 | Long-range research monoplane for the Air Ministry |
| DH.30 | Denbigh | Not built | High-wing reconnaissance variant of the DH.29 to Air Ministry D of R Type 3 requirement of 1922.[1] |
| DH.31 | Not built | Single-engine reconnaissance biplane.[1] | |
| DH.32 | Not built | Eight-passenger biplane airliner powered by a Rolls-Royce Eagle engine to Air Ministry Specification 18/21 as an improvement of the DH.18. Construction was to begin in 1922 but due to operators requests the Napier Lion-powered DH.34 was developed instead.[1] | |
| DH.33 | Not built | Single-seat shipborne fighter.[1] | |
| DH.34 | de Havilland DH.34 | 26 March 1922 | Biplane airliner, based on DH.32 |
| DH.35 | Not built | Two-seat reconnaissance biplane to have been powered by a Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar engine for Air Ministry Specification D of R Type 3A.[1] | |
| DH.36 | Not built | Three-seat, single-engine coastal defense torpedo bomber biplane to Air Ministry Specification D of R Type I. Similar to the DH.27.[1] | |
| DH.37 | de Havilland DH.37 | June 1922 | Touring biplane. Designed to special order. |
| DH.38 | Not built | Two-seat general-purpose biplane powered by a single Napier Lion V engine for the Greek government, but no orders resulted.[1] | |
| DH.39 | Not built | Proposed alternative version of DH.38 powered by a Rolls-Royce Eagle VIII engine.[1] | |
| DH.40 | Not built | Proposed two-seat forestry patrol version of DH.39 for the Canadian Air Board.[1] | |
| DH.41 | Not built | Proposed two-seat reconnaissance version of DH.38 to Air Ministry Specification D of R Type 3. Powered by a Napier Lion engine.[1] | |
| DH.42 | Dormouse | 25 July 1923 | Reconnaissance fighter for Specification 22/22 |
| DH.42A | Dingo I | 12 March 1924 | Bristol Jupiter III engine: slight (6 in/152 mm) increase in span |
| DH.42B | Dingo II | 29 September 1926 | Bristol Jupiter IV: same dimensions as DH.42A but with steel frame and greater weight |
| DH.43 | Not built | Large biplane freighter powered by a Liberty 12 engine. Large cargo door on port side of fuselage.[1] | |
| DH.44 | Not built | Biplane airliner with a Siddeley Puma engine.[1] | |
| DH.45 | Not built | Three-seat torpedo bomber/coastal defense biplane with two Napier Lion engines. Based on DH.11.[1] | |
| DH.46 | Not built | Single-seat lightweight sports monoplane. Later DH.53 was similar.[1] | |
| DH.47 | Not built | Single-seat glider.[1] Later DH.52 was similar. | |
| DH.48 | Not built | Single-seat forestry patrol biplane for the Royal Canadian Air Force. Similar to and based on the DH.9A, but powered by a Wolseley Viper engine and equipped with W/T.[1] | |
| DH.49 | Not built | Modernized DH.9A, powered by a Rolls-Royce Eagle IX engine. Featured similar improvements to the DH.9J Stag. Offered for reconnaissance, light bombing and general purpose roles, but not accepted by the Air Ministry.[1] | |
| DH.50 | de Havilland DH.50 | 30 July 1923 | Four-passenger transport biplane |
| DH.51 | de Havilland DH.51 | 1 July 1924 | Three-seat biplane, private venture |
| DH.52 | de Havilland DH.52 | 5 October 1922 | Single-seat glider |
| DH.53 | Humming Bird | 2 October 1923 | Single-seat monoplane |
| DH.54 | Highclere | 18 June 1924 | 12-passenger biplane airliner |
| DH.55 | Not built | Seven-passenger biplane airliner based on the DH.54 and powered by three Airdisco engines.[1] | |
| DH.56 | Hyena | 17 May 1925 | Army biplane developed to Specification 33/26 |
| DH.57 | Not built | 12 passenger biplane airliner based on the DH.54 and powered by three Siddeley Puma engines.[1] | |
| DH.58 | Not built | Scaled-up version of DH.57 for 20 passengers and powered by three Napier Lion engines.[1] | |
| DH.59 | Not built | Design study for a transport biplane.[1] | |
| DH.60 | Moth | 22 February 1925 | Two-seat light biplane |
| DH.60G | Gipsy Moth | 1927 | DH.60 Moth powered by de Havilland Gipsy engine |
| DH.60GIII | Moth Major | 1929 | DH.60 Moth powered by new Gipsy III/Gipsy Major engine |
| DH.61 | Giant Moth | December 1927 | Eight-passenger biplane airliner |
| DH.62 | Not built | Eight-passenger biplane airliner with two Siddeley Puma engines. Crew of two in open cockpit in the nose.[1] | |
| DH.63 | Not built | Scaled-down four-passenger version of DH.61 with a Siddeley Puma engine.[1] | |
| DH.64 | Not built | Enlarged version of DH.62 for 14 passengers with two Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar radial engines.[1] | |
| DH.65 | Hound | 17 November 1926 | Day bomber biplane |
| DH.66 | Hercules | 30 September 1926 | 3-engined biplane airliner, 14 passengers |
| DH.67 | Gloster Survey | 1929 | Twin-engined photo survey biplane built by Gloster. |
| DH.68 | Not built | Executive version of DH.67 for six passengers and powered by two Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar engines. Cabin featured a toilet.[1] | |
| DH.69 | Not built | High performance two-seat day bomber to an Air Ministry specification. Similar to the DH.65A but powered by a Rolls-Royce Falcon engine. Pilot in an open cockpit while the observer was in a prone bombing position on the fuselage floor.[1] | |
| DH.70 | Not built | Army co-operation biplane for Australia.[1] | |
| DH.71 | Tiger Moth | July 1927 | High-speed monoplane, private venture |
| DH.72 | de Havilland DH.72 | 28 July 1931 | 3-engined night bomber based on DH.66 and designed to Specification B.22/27 |
| DH.73 | Not built | High-altitude survey version of the DH.67 with two ADC Nimbus engines. Cockpit was offered in several layouts in tandem or side-by side configurations; aircraft could also be adapted as a seaplane.[1] | |
| DH.74 | Not built | Light commercial four-seat transport based on the DH.65 and intended as DH.50 replacement.[1] | |
| DH.75 | Hawk Moth | 7 December 1928 | Six-seat cabin monoplane |
| DH.76 | Not built | 20-passenger airliner with three Bristol Jupiter engines. Intended as DH.66 replacement.[1] | |
| DH.77 | de Havilland DH.77 | 11 July 1929 | Single-seat interceptor. Private venture designed to Specification F.20/27 |
| DH.78 | Not built | Two alternative designs for multi-engine airliners.[1] | |
| DH.79 | Not built | Design study for a multi-engined transport.[1] | |
| DH.80 | Puss Moth | 9 September 1929 | Three-seat touring monoplane, high-wing |
| DH.81 | Swallow Moth | 21 August 1931 | Two-seat sporting monoplane |
| DH.82 | Tiger Moth | 26 October 1931 | Two-seat primary trainer |
| DH.83 | Fox Moth | 29 January 1932 | Small passenger biplane |
| DH.84 | Dragon | 24 November 1932 | Large biplane airliner |
| DH.85 | Leopard Moth | 27 May 1933 | Three-seat cabin monoplane |
| DH.86 | Express | 14 January 1934 | Four-engine airliner based on DH.84 Dragon |
| DH.87 | Hornet Moth | 9 May 1934 | Light biplane |
| DH.88 | Comet | 8 September 1934 | Twin-engine racing monoplane |
| DH.89 | Dragon Rapide | 17 April 1934 | Twin-engine airliner |
| DH.90 | Dragonfly | 12 August 1935 | Twin-engine biplane, five seats |
| DH.91 | Albatross | 20 May 1937 | Four-engine airliner, 22 passengers |
| DH.92 | Dolphin | 9 September 1936 | Twin-engine airliner, designed to replace DH.89 Dragon Rapide |
| DH.93 | Don | 18 June 1937 | Liaison aircraft |
| DH.94 | Moth Minor | 22 June 1937 | Primary trainer, designed to replace Moth |
| DH.95 | Flamingo | 22 December 1938 | Twin-engine transport |
| DH.96 | Not built | Primary monoplane trainer to Specification T.1/37, powered by a Gipsy Queen I engine. Two crew in open tandem cockpits, front windshield frame was strong enough to protect crew in case of a nose-over on landing. Fixed landing gear with streamlined fairings.[1] | |
| DH.97 | Not built | 8-seat, three-engine monoplane airliner; construction was similar to the DH.91. Not proceeded with due to outbreak of WWII.[1] | |
| DH.98 | Mosquito | 25 November 1940 | Twin-engine fighter and bomber |
| DH.99 | Not built | Original all-metal proposal for a twin-boom jet fighter which, in composite wood-and-metal form, became the DH.100.[2]
Design study for a Napier Sabre-powered twin-engine fast bomber derivative, developed into DH.101 concept. Number later allocated to a light single-engine civil biplane intended as DH.87 replacement. This was abandoned due to WWII.[1] | |
| DH.100 | Vampire, (known as Spider Crab until April 1944).[2] | 29 September 1943 | Twin-boom jet fighter |
| DH.101 | Not built | High speed, high-altitude unarmed night intruder with Napier Sabre engines to Specification B.11/41 and based on the Mosquito. Despite priority over the Vampire jet fighter, a shortage of Sabre engines resulted in the DH.101's abandonment in April 1942 in favor of the lower-powered DH.102.[1] | |
| DH.102 | Not built | Night bomber to Specification B.4/42, with two Rolls-Royce Merlin or Griffon engines. Designed to carry a 5000 lb bomb load at lower speed than the Mosquito. Officially approved in April 1942 as the Mosquito Series II, but work was stopped in late 1942.[1] | |
| DH.103 | Hornet and Sea Hornet | 28 July 1944 | Twin-engine fighter |
| DH.104 | Dove and Devon | 25 September 1945 | 8-passenger airliner, military transport and communications |
| DH.105 | Not built | Three-seat primary trainer with fixed landing gear to Specification T.23/43. Production contract won by the Percival Prentice.[1] | |
| DH.106 | Comet | 27 July 1949 | Jet airliner |
| DH.107 | Not built | Proposed development of the Vampire that eventually became the Venom. | |
| DH.108 | de Havilland DH 108 "Swallow" | 15 May 1946 | Swept wing experimental aircraft |
| DH.109 | Not built | Design study for a four-engine airliner.
Designation also possibly used for a naval strike aircraft to Specification N.8/49. | |
| DH.110 | Sea Vixen | 26 September 1951 | Two-seat naval fighter |
| DH.111 | Not built | Jet bomber based on Comet I to Specification B.35/46 proposed in May 1948. Despite not meeting the Specification, it represented the most advanced aircraft that could be produced with a certainty of success within a reasonable time scale. The Comet's wing and engines and tailplane were fitted to a thinner fuselage that could carry a single 10000 lb bomb or eighteen 1000 lb bombs and a crew of four. Pilot located under a bubble canopy offset to the left with the copilot on the right side and two radar navigators/bomb aimers behind the pilot facing to the rear. | |
| DH.112 | Venom | 2 September 1949 | Jet fighter |
| DH.113 | Vampire NF.10 | Night fighter variant | |
| DH.114 | Heron | 10 May 1950 | Small airliner development of Dove |
| DH.115 | Vampire, T.11 and export variants | two seat trainer variant | |
| DH.116 | Not built | Naval jet fighter to Specification N.114 powered by a Rolls-Royce RA.14 Avon jet engine with an estimated maximum speed of Mach 1.0 in level flight. Cockpit and fuselage were based on the Sea Venom with a new thin-section swept-back wing. Dropped in favor of the DH.110. | |
| DH.117 | Not built | Submission to F.155T, designed with straight wing and to be powered by two de Havilland Gyron Junior turbojets and one de Havilland Spectre rocket. | |
| DH.118 | Not built | Long-haul jet transport powered by four Rolls-Royce Conway jet engines. Designed as a Comet successor to carry 120 passengers on transatlantic and similar long-distance routes. Larger than the Comet but smaller than the Boeing 707, the DH.118 promised improved speed and increased range. Announced in the House of Commons on 24 October 1956, the aircraft was planned to commence operations in February 1962, but was abandoned in February 1957 in favor of the Vickers VC10.[1] | |
| DH.119 | Not built | High-speed short to medium range high-capacity airliner. Projected in 1956–1957, the DH.119 was based on Comet experience and intended to fulfill a BEA requirement. The aircraft sat 95 passengers over lengths of 1250 mi. Wings and tail surfaces were swept back 35° with four Rolls-Royce Avon jet engines mounted in pairs under the wing trailing edge.[1] | |
| DH.120 | Not built | Jet airliner similar to the DH.119, but to meet both BEA and BOAC requirements.[1] | |
| DH.121 | Hawker Siddeley Trident | 9 January 1962 | Three-engine jet airliner |
| DH.122 | Not built | Proposed Trident variant to compete with the Vickers VC10.[1]
Number also used for an executive aircraft project at Christchurch powered by two Gnome engines to complement the DH.123. | |
| DH.123 | Not built | Feederliner intended as a Dakota replacement. Powered by two de Havilland Gnome turboprops with a high-wing layout and a maximum capacity of 40 passengers or a payload of 7800 lb. Designed for economic operations over very short routes (e.g. 200 mi), but with a full fuel load and payload reduced to 2400 lb, the range could be extended to 1610 mi. Abandoned due to competition with the HS.748 when de Havilland joined Hawker Siddeley. de Havilland turned to the DH.126 instead.[1] | |
| DH.124 | A series of design studies for a twin-engine jet airliner with BS.75 engines on the rear fuselage and a high-swept tail. The aircraft would seat 48 passengers with room forward for cargo. Similar in size to the Hunting H.107 project. | ||
| DH.125 | British Aerospace 125 initially "Jet Dragon" | 13 August 1962 | Medium corporate jet |
| DH.126 | Not built | Twin jet-engine feederliner similar to the DH.125 but seating 26-32 passengers. Design put forward in May 1960, powered by two engines of 3500-4200 lb thrust range. Engines considered were the Rolls-Royce RB.173, de Havilland BS.92 and GE CF-700. | |
| DH.127 | Not built | Proposed delta-winged strike fighter for Royal Navy as Blackburn Buccaneer replacement, early 1960s. Design featured two Rolls-Royce Spey engines with vectored thrust and two Rolls-Royce RB.108 lift jets in the nose to lower approach speed. Designation chosen to avoid confusion with the Hawker P.1127 that was later designated DH.128. |
See also
References
Notes
Bibliography
- Buttler, Tony (2000). British Secret Projects: Jet Fighters Since 1950. Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-095-8.
- Buttler, Tony (2003). British Secret Projects: Jet Bombers Since 1949. Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-130-X.
- Jackson, A. J. (1987). De Havilland Aircraft since 1909. Putnam. ISBN 0-85177-802-X.
- "de Havilland". Royal Air Force Museum Aircraft Thesaurus. Archived from the original on 24 November 2005. Retrieved 8 May 2006.
- "de Havilland". British Aircraft Directory. Archived from the original on 26 February 2006. Retrieved 8 May 2006.