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Dětmarovice

Dětmarovice
Municipality
Centre of Dětmarovice
Centre of Dětmarovice
Flag of Dětmarovice
Flag
Coat of arms of Dětmarovice
Coat of arms
Dětmarovice is located in Czech Republic
Dětmarovice
Dětmarovice
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°53′39″N 18°27′39″E / 49.89417°N 18.46083°E / 49.89417; 18.46083
Country Czech Republic
RegionMoravian-Silesian
DistrictKarviná
First mentioned1305
Area
 • Total
13.76 km2 (5.31 sq mi)
Elevation
214 m (702 ft)
Population
 (2024-01-01)[1]
 • Total
4,435
 • Density320/km2 (830/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
735 71
Websitewww.detmarovice.cz

Dětmarovice (Czech: [ˈɟɛtmaroˌvɪtsɛ] ⓘ; Polish: Dziećmorowiceⓘ, German: Dittmarsdorf, Dittmannsdorf) is a municipality and village in Karviná District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 4,400 inhabitants.

Administrative parts

The village of Koukolná is an administrative part of Dětmarovice.

Etymology

The name is patronymic in origin derived from German personal name Dietmar. It was first mentioned in Latin form Dithmari villa (1305), later as Dytmarsdorff (1392), Dietmarsdorf (1430), Dieczmarowicz[e] (1438, 1447), Dieczmiorowice (1652), Dittmersdorf/Dieczmorowitz (1736), Dittmansdorf/Dietmarowicze (1804), Dittmannsdorf/Dětmarovice/Dziećmarowice (1900).[2]

Geography

Dětmarovice is located about 6 kilometres (4 mi) northwest of Karviná and 11 km (7 mi) northeast of Ostrava, on the border with Poland. It lies in the Ostrava Basin lowland in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. The municipality is situated on the left bank of the Olza River.

History

Church of Saint Mary Magdalene

According to some documents, Dětmarovice was mentioned as early as 1302, but these are unverified mentions. Officially the village was first mentioned in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from 1305. It was originally founded north of the present village, but after a great fire it was restored in its present location.[3]

The village became a seat of a Catholic parish, mentioned in the register of Peter's Pence payment from 1447 among 50 parishes of Teschen deanery.[4]

Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg monarchy. In 1573 it was sold as one of a dozen villages and the town of Freistadt and formed a state country split from the Duchy of Teschen.[5]

The village was bought in 1792 by Jan Larisch who joined it with its Karviná properties. It was owned by the Larisch family until 1927.[3]

After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed in 1869 to the newly established Freistadt political district and Oderberg legal district, but before 1890 the municipality was transferred to Freistadt legal district.

The first written mention of Koukolná is from 1447. It was a separate municipality until 1872–1875, when it was merged with Dětmarovice.[3]

According to the censuses conducted in 1880–1910, the population of the municipality grew from 1,769 in 1880 to 3,453 in 1910. In three censuses majority were Czech-speakers (84.9% in 1880, 64% in 1890, 77.1% in 1910, 12.5% minority in 1900), in 1900 majority were Polish-speakers (86.7%, in other censuses minority: 13.9% in 1880, 34.6% in 1890, 21.8% in 1910). They were accompanied by German-speaking minority (between 0.8% and 1.4%). In terms of religion in 1910, the majority were Roman Catholics (98.2%), followed by Jews (0.9%) and Protestants (0.6%).[6]

After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, the village became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Trans-Olza region it was annexed by Poland, administratively organised in Frysztat County of Silesian Voivodeship.[7] The municipality was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18691,380—    
18801,769+28.2%
18902,151+21.6%
19002,784+29.4%
19103,453+24.0%
YearPop.±%
19213,437−0.5%
19304,118+19.8%
19503,692−10.3%
19614,001+8.4%
19704,079+1.9%
YearPop.±%
19803,817−6.4%
19913,526−7.6%
20013,783+7.3%
20113,953+4.5%
20214,115+4.1%
Source: Censuses[8][9]

Economy

Dětmarovice power plant

There is a large thermal power station in the municipality owned by ČEZ Group. It was built in 1971–1976. It is the only large thermal power station in the country burning black coal. In 1998, a filter reducing the air pollution was installed.[10]

Transport

The I/67 road from Český Těšín to Bohumín passes through the municipality.

Dětmarovice is located on the main railway line from Prague/Vienna to Warsaw. Another important line to Český Těšín–Žilina–Košice splits here from the line to Warsaw. The passenger transport is provided on the line Ostrava–Mosty u Jablunkova.[11] The power station is connected to the railway.

Sport

The municipality hosted the start of the first stage of the 2012 and 2013 Gracia-Orlová.

Sights

Historical landmarks include the Něbroj's chapel from around 1860 and the Catholic Church of Saint Mary Magdalene, built in Neo-Romanesque style in 1869–1870.[10]

Notable people

References

  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. ^ Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: University of Silesia in Katowice. p. 63. ISSN 0208-6336.
  3. ^ a b c "Historie obce" (in Czech). Obec Dětmarovice. Retrieved 2024-02-18.
  4. ^ "Registrum denarii sancti Petri in archidiaconatu Opoliensi sub anno domini MCCCCXLVII per dominum Nicolaum Wolff decretorum doctorem, archidiaconum Opoliensem, ex commissione reverendi in Christo patris ac domini Conradi episcopi Wratislaviensis, sedis apostolice collectoris, collecti". Zeitschrift des Vereins für Geschichte und Alterthum Schlesiens (in German). 27. Breslau: H. Markgraf: 361–372. 1893. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
  5. ^ Panic, Idzi (2011). Śląsk Cieszyński w początkach czasów nowożytnych (1528-1653) [Cieszyn Silesia in the beginnings of Modern Era (1528-1653)] (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. pp. 226–227. ISBN 978-83-926929-5-9.
  6. ^ Piątkowski, Kazimierz (1918). Stosunki narodowościowe w Księstwie Cieszyńskiem (in Polish). Cieszyn: Macierz Szkolna Księstwa Cieszyńskiego. pp. 273, 290.
  7. ^ "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). 18/1938, poz. 35. Katowice. 31 October 1938. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
  8. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
  9. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  10. ^ a b "Geografické údaje" (in Czech). Obec Dětmarovice. Retrieved 2024-02-18.
  11. ^ "Detail stanice Dětmarovice" (in Czech). České dráhy. Retrieved 2024-06-01.
Quelle: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%9Btmarovice