Baydukov Island (Остров Байдуков; Ostrov Baydukov), formerly Langr Island or Bol'shoy Langr Island, is a coastal island in the southern end of the Sea of Okhotsk. It is located southeast of Chkalov Island, off Schastya Bay, facing the northwestern tip of Sakhalin.

Baydukov Island is 12 km long and has a maximum width of less than 3 km in its west-northwest end area.

This island is one of the few areas in Russia where the murrelets (long-billed and marbled) are considered common.

Administratively this island belongs to the Khabarovsk Krai of the Russian Federation.

This island was named after Soviet pilot Georgy Baydukov, co-pilot on the Antonov ANT-25 plane that flew on July 20, 1936 from Moscow through Franz Joseph Land, Severnaya Zemlya, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Khabarovsk. The plane landed 56 hours and 20 minutes later in nearby Udd Island after having covered 9,374 km.

• Belyakov Island (Ostrov Belyakova) 53°14′N 141°25′E / 53.233°N 141.417°E / 53.233; 141.417 lies 11 km south of Baydukov Island's southern coast. It is 0.7 km long and about 500 m wide. This small island was named after Soviet lieutenant Alexander V. Belyakov, navigator of the record-breaking ANT-25 flight.

• Location
• Marbled murrelet
• Picture of Pilots Valery Chkalov, Georgy Baidukov and Alexander Belyakov sitting next to their plane on Udd Island^{[permanent dead link‍]}
• Anatoliy Kvochur's Su-30 Airplane Lands at Zhukovskiy
• Russian seabird data
• Belyakov Island^{[permanent dead link‍]}

• Khabarovsk Krai^{[permanent dead link‍]}
• Amateur Radio Expedition to Baydukov Island R24RRC

53°20′N 141°23′E / 53.333°N 141.383°E / 53.333; 141.383