This article concerns the period 579 BC – 570 BC.

• 579 BC—Servius Tullius succeeds the assassinated Lucius Tarquinius Priscus as the sixth King of Rome (traditional date).^[1]
• 575 BC—The Ishtar Gate and throne room wall are built in the city of Babylon.
• 575 BC—Battle of Yanling: The army of the Chinese State of Jin defeats the forces of the State of Chu in ancient Henan province.
• 575 BC–550 BC—Temples and public buildings begin to grace Rome. The main temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus is built.
• 573 BC—The Nemean Games are founded at Nemea (traditional date).
• 571 BC (25 November)—Servius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans.
• 571 BC—Zhou Ling Wang becomes king of the Zhou dynasty of China.
• 570 BC—Amasis II succeeds Apries as king of Egypt.
• c. 570 BC—The François Vase, a volute krater with black figure decoration, is made by a pair of Greek craftsmen: the potter Ergotimos and the painter Kleitias.
• 570 BC–560 BC—Berlin Kore, from a cemetery at Keratea, near Athens, is made.

• 576 BC—Birth of Cyrus the Great, later King of Anshan and architect of the First Persian Empire
• 572 BC—Death of Zhou Jian Wang, king of the Zhou dynasty of China
• 570 BC—Birth of Xenophanes
• c. 570 BC—Birth of Pythagoras, Greek mathematician, on the island of Samos (died c. 475 BC)
• c. 570 BC—Death of Sappho, Greek poet
• Ergotimos—potter
• Kleitias—painter